Hypoglycemia

Low Blood Glucose (Hypoglycemia)

Part of living with diabetes is fluctuations in your blood glucose levels. Here's what you need to do when your blood glucose level drops low. 

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What You Need to Know About Low Blood Glucose (Blood Sugar)

Key Points

  • Low blood glucose is when your levels fall below 70 mg/dL
  • Use the 15/15 rule of 15g fast-acting carbs/15 minutes rule to treat low blood glucose
  • It's important to treat low blood glucose levels as soon as possible, as they can quickly become dangerous
  • Severe low blood glucose is an emergency and will require help from others to treat it

Don't hesitate to call 911. If someone is unconscious and glucagon is not available or someone does not know how to use it, call 911 immediately.  

Living with diabetes means that your blood glucose (sometimes called blood sugar) levels fluctuate. You should have a target range that you want to keep your blood glucose levels within. This target should be discussed with your health care team. This range is important because it helps protect your body from diabetes-related complications. But what happens when your level drops below your target range? 

What Is Low Blood Glucose (Hypoglycemia)?

For people living with type 1 diabetes or are taking insulin, you should be regularly checking your blood glucose levels. Throughout the day, your blood glucose levels will change—going up or down. This is expected and impacted by many different factors. If it goes up or down within your target range, you probably won't be able to tell. But if it goes below your target range and is not treated, it can get dangerous. 

Low blood glucose, sometimes just called a low, is when your blood glucose levels have fallen low enough that you need to take action to bring them back to your target range. This is usually when your blood glucose is less than 70 mg/dL.  

It's important to talk to your health care professional about your own blood glucose levels and if you’re at risk for going low. Together, you can determine what level is too low for you and when you should treat for a low.  

"I was very much in denial about my type 1 diabetes. So much so that I pushed it to the side while I struggled with the very busy schedule of being a lead actress on a TV show in a foreign country. Unfortunately, this was the start of my many scary experiences with hypoglycemia.  It wasn’t until my blood sugar went so low that I went unconscious that I finally started accepting my condition. Being diagnosed with diabetes came with a new set of challenges, but it didn’t have to disrupt my goals and aspirations. I realized that I could still live my life how I wanted to, as long as I made an effort to manage my condition properly." —Alexandra Park

 Read Alex's story 

 

Symptoms of Low Blood Glucose

Just as each body is different, so is each person's reaction to low blood glucose. While the symptoms can come on quickly, those symptoms can vary widely from person to person. 

Because it can be different from person to person, it's important to learn the signs and symptoms you have when your blood glucose levels are low.  

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Treating Low Blood Glucose

When your blood glucose begins to drop below 70 mg/dL, it's important to treat it quickly to prevent it going lower.

Fast-acting carbs are the best choice to treat hypoglycemia and preventing a severe hypoglycemia incident.  

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Causes of Low Blood Glucose

There are many things that can cause blood glucose levels to drop. It is especially common for people with type 1 diabetes or people with type 2 diabetes taking insulin or other similar medications.

Understanding what causes your blood glucose to go down is important so you can steps to prevent lows from happening. 

 

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What Is Severe Hypoglycemia?

When low blood glucose isn’t treated and you need someone to help you treat it, it’s considered severe hypoglycemia. 

During a severe hypoglycemia incident, you may lose consciousness or be unable to eat or drink on your own. In these events, you will need specialized treatment called glucagon.

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